TEXTO
Ovid on climate change
(Eliza Griswold)
Bastard, the other boys teased him,
till Phaethon unleashed the steeds
of Armageddon. He couldn’t hold
their reins. Driving the sun too close
to earth, the boy withered rivers,
torched Eucalyptus groves, until the hills
burst into flame, and the people’s blood
boiled through the skin. Ethiopia,
land of burnt faces. In a boy’s rage
for a name, the myth of race begins.
Disponível em: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/55952/ovidon-climate-change. Acesso em: 18 set. 2023.
O poema faz alusão ao mito de Ovídio para abordar a questão da mudança climática.
A narrativa prioriza o uso:
TEXTO
Why your perception of climate change threats might depend on where you live - new research
Our planet has just seen its hottest month on record, with many places on fire or flooded. [...] However, not everyone notices or feels this threat to the same extent. [...] In our study, we wanted to find out how British people who live in cities experience the threat of climate change, compared with people who live rurally. Based on a representative sample of 1,071 survey respondents from across the UK, we found that people in rural areas showed higher degrees of place attachment than people living in cities, as we expected. However, we were surprised to see that the perceived threat of climate change in the most rural locations was lower. […] there are three compelling explanations.
1. Awareness
People in rural areas may not be as aware of climate change as people in cities. [...] However, looking more closely, the effect is mostly down to education rather than whether people live in rural areas or not. [...]
2. Experience
People in rural areas may not experience climate change in the same way as people in cities. This is because rural areas have higher levels of green space than urban areas. For example, you will feel the heat less when you are surrounded by trees.
3. Resilience
[...] Rural people may be aware of climate change and they may experience it like everyone else, but they may have better ways of coping with it than city dwellers because of their closer relationship with nature. This may have taught them to be more flexible in how they deal with change. [...]
Climate change is certainly worrying for most of us and sometimes linked with heightened anxiety. [...] What matters is what we do in our everyday lives, how much we recognise that things are changing and whether we are willing to take action.
Disponível e adaptado de: https://theconversation.com/why-yourperception-of-climate-change-threats-might-depend-on-where-youlive-new-research-212888 Acesso em: 13 set. 2023.
Investigações que usam a entrevista como instrumento de pesquisa têm o potencial de revelar percepções sociais importantes.
O texto apresenta resultados de um estudo que tinha o objetivo de:
TEXTO
Why your perception of climate change threats might depend on where you live - new research
Our planet has just seen its hottest month on record, with many places on fire or flooded. [...] However, not everyone notices or feels this threat to the same extent. [...] In our study, we wanted to find out how British people who live in cities experience the threat of climate change, compared with people who live rurally. Based on a representative sample of 1,071 survey respondents from across the UK, we found that people in rural areas showed higher degrees of place attachment than people living in cities, as we expected. However, we were surprised to see that the perceived threat of climate change in the most rural locations was lower. […] there are three compelling explanations.
1. Awareness
People in rural areas may not be as aware of climate change as people in cities. [...] However, looking more closely, the effect is mostly down to education rather than whether people live in rural areas or not. [...]
2. Experience
People in rural areas may not experience climate change in the same way as people in cities. This is because rural areas have higher levels of green space than urban areas. For example, you will feel the heat less when you are surrounded by trees.
3. Resilience
[...] Rural people may be aware of climate change and they may experience it like everyone else, but they may have better ways of coping with it than city dwellers because of their closer relationship with nature. This may have taught them to be more flexible in how they deal with change. [...]
Climate change is certainly worrying for most of us and sometimes linked with heightened anxiety. [...] What matters is what we do in our everyday lives, how much we recognise that things are changing and whether we are willing to take action.
Disponível e adaptado de: https://theconversation.com/why-yourperception-of-climate-change-threats-might-depend-on-where-youlive-new-research-212888 Acesso em: 13 set. 2023.
Poetic License is the change of the conventional rules of a language to create an effect.
The extract that DOES NOT contain any deviation from standard English is:
TEXT
For a livable climate: Net-zero commitments must be backed by credible action
What is net zero?
Put simply, net zero means cutting greenhouse gas emissions to as close to zero as possible, with any remaining emissions re-absorbed from the atmosphere, by oceans and forests for instance.
How can net zero be achieved?
Transitioning to a net-zero world is one of the greatest challenges humankind has faced. It calls for nothing less than a complete transformation of how we produce, consume, and move about. The energy sector is the source of around three-quarters of greenhouse gas emissions today and holds the key to averting the worst effects of climate change. Replacing polluting coal, gas and oil-fired power with energy from renewable sources, such as wind or solar, would dramatically reduce carbon emissions.
Is there a global effort to reach net zero?
Yes, a growing coalition of countries, cities, businesses and other institutions are pledging to get to net-zero emissions. More than 70 countries, including the biggest polluters – China, the United States, and the European Union – have set a net-zero target, covering about 76% of global emissions. More than 3,000 businesses and financial institutions are working with the Science-Based Targets Initiative to reduce their emissions in line with climate science. And more than 1000 cities, over 1000 educational institutions, and over 400 financial institutions have joined the Race to Zero, pledging to take rigorous, immediate action to halve global emissions by 2030.
How do we ensure commitments are turned into action?
The growth in net-zero pledges has been accompanied by a proliferation of criteria with varying levels of robustness. To develop stronger and clearer standards for net-zero emissions pledges by non-State entities such as businesses, investors, cities and regions, and speed up their implementation, UN Secretary-General António Guterres in March 2022 established a High-Level Expert Group on the Net-Zero Emissions Commitments of NonState Entities. The Expert Group presented its recommendations at COP27 on 8 November 2022.
Are we on track to reach net zero by 2050?
No, commitments made by governments to date fall far short of what is required. Current national climate plans – for 193 Parties to the Paris Agreement taken together – would lead to a sizable increase of almost 11% in global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, compared to 2010 levels. Getting to net zero requires all governments – first and foremost the biggest emitters – to significantly strengthen their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and take bold, immediate steps towards reducing emissions now. The Glasgow Climate Pact called on all countries to revisit and strengthen the 2030 targets in their NDCs by the end of 2022, but only 24 new or updated climate plans were submitted by September 2022.
Disponível e adaptado de: https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition Acesso em: 22 set. 2023.
O Texto traz informações sobre a redução de emissões de gases de efeito estufa na atmosfera de modo a promover a melhoria do clima em nosso planeta.
Assinale a alternativa que evidencia duas propostas que contribuem com essa promoção.
TEXTO I
Why your perception of climate change threats might depend on where you live - new research
Our planet has just seen its hottest month on record, with many places on fire or flooded. [...] However, not everyone notices or feels this threat to the same extent. [...] In our study, we wanted to find out how British people who live in cities experience the threat of climate change, compared with people who live rurally. Based on a representative sample of 1,071 survey respondents from across the UK, we found that people in rural areas showed higher degrees of place attachment than people living in cities, as we expected. However, we were surprised to see that the perceived threat of climate change in the most rural locations was lower. […] there are three compelling explanations.
1. Awareness
People in rural areas may not be as aware of climate change as people in cities. [...] However, looking more closely, the effect is mostly down to education rather than whether people live in rural areas or not. [...]
2. Experience
People in rural areas may not experience climate change in the same way as people in cities. This is because rural areas have higher levels of green space than urban areas. For example, you will feel the heat less when you are surrounded by trees.
3. Resilience
[...] Rural people may be aware of climate change and they may experience it like everyone else, but they may have better ways of coping with it than city dwellers because of their closer relationship with nature. This may have taught them to be more flexible in how they deal with change. [...]
Climate change is certainly worrying for most of us and sometimes linked with heightened anxiety. [...] What matters is what we do in our everyday lives, how much we recognise that things are changing and whether we are willing to take action.
Disponível e adaptado de: https://theconversation.com/why-yourperception-of-climate-change-threats-might-depend-on-where-youlive-new-research-212888 Acesso em: 13 set. 2023.
TEXT III
For a livable climate: Net-zero commitments must be backed by credible action
What is net zero?
Put simply, net zero means cutting greenhouse gas emissions to as close to zero as possible, with any remaining emissions re-absorbed from the atmosphere, by oceans and forests for instance.
How can net zero be achieved?
Transitioning to a net-zero world is one of the greatest challenges humankind has faced. It calls for nothing less than a complete transformation of how we produce, consume, and move about. The energy sector is the source of around three-quarters of greenhouse gas emissions today and holds the key to averting the worst effects of climate change. Replacing polluting coal, gas and oil-fired power with energy from renewable sources, such as wind or solar, would dramatically reduce carbon emissions.
Is there a global effort to reach net zero?
Yes, a growing coalition of countries, cities, businesses and other institutions are pledging to get to net-zero emissions. More than 70 countries, including the biggest polluters – China, the United States, and the European Union – have set a net-zero target, covering about 76% of global emissions. More than 3,000 businesses and financial institutions are working with the Science-Based Targets Initiative to reduce their emissions in line with climate science. And more than 1000 cities, over 1000 educational institutions, and over 400 financial institutions have joined the Race to Zero, pledging to take rigorous, immediate action to halve global emissions by 2030.
How do we ensure commitments are turned into action?
The growth in net-zero pledges has been accompanied by a proliferation of criteria with varying levels of robustness. To develop stronger and clearer standards for net-zero emissions pledges by non-State entities such as businesses, investors, cities and regions, and speed up their implementation, UN Secretary-General António Guterres in March 2022 established a High-Level Expert Group on the Net-Zero Emissions Commitments of NonState Entities. The Expert Group presented its recommendations at COP27 on 8 November 2022.
Are we on track to reach net zero by 2050?
No, commitments made by governments to date fall far short of what is required. Current national climate plans – for 193 Parties to the Paris Agreement taken together – would lead to a sizable increase of almost 11% in global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, compared to 2010 levels. Getting to net zero requires all governments – first and foremost the biggest emitters – to significantly strengthen their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and take bold, immediate steps towards reducing emissions now. The Glasgow Climate Pact called on all countries to revisit and strengthen the 2030 targets in their NDCs by the end of 2022, but only 24 new or updated climate plans were submitted by September 2022.
Disponível e adaptado de: https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition Acesso em: 22 set. 2023.
Adverbs of manner are words or phrases that describe how an action is done in the context of a sentence.
According to the use in Text, choose the option that shows a sequence of adverbs of manner.
TEXTO
The Climate is Changing!
Even with all the measures taken, it will take decades to reverse global warming – so we must be PREPARED to manage extreme weather and natural disasters! The climate is always changing naturally, but in the last 200 years, human behavior has had an added influence.
* Thinning the ozone layer
* CO2 in the atmosphere => global warming
What to do?
Build sturdy cities and houses
Build resilience
Improve water management to deal with droughts
Educate
Make plans: national policies & planning
All nations must work together to help mitigate and adapt to climate change and its impacts for the benefit of people everywhere.
Disponível e adaptado de: https://eltplanning.com/2023/01/22/usefulresource-comics-uniting-nations/ Acesso em: 22 set. 2023.
The text above is a production of The Uniting Nations to make people aware of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13, which has the following official mission statement: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. It’s known that actions aimed at climate change have been requested for a long time, but there’s still a lot to be done.
Baring this in mind, choose the alternative that contains suggestions for achieving the SDG 13 that are mentioned in the text.