Questões de Inglês - Grammar - Pronouns
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Choose the correct alternative to complete the gap in the comic strip.
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Why libraries may never stop being people places?
As the first winter of the pandemic drew to a close, someone in my Twitter feed enthused about an app called Libby that made it especially easy to borrow and read library books. I downloaded (1) it, input my New York Public Library card number and proceeded to binge. I devoured everything by and about Isaac Babel, who wrote stories based on (2) his life in early-20th-century Odessa, and all of Mick Herron’s Slough House books, about a group of sad, incompetent British spies.
Libby was created by OverDrive, a Cleveland-based company that digitizes books and other publications and distributes (3) them to 90 percent of North American libraries. The app debuted in 2017 but, no surprise, had (4) its biggest bump in growth in 2020, a 33 percent increase in circulation compared with 2019. What distinguishes Libby from other library apps, like the New York Public Library’s SimplyE, is that it allows you to read on a Kindle (instead of, say, your phone). And it has a definite style, minimalist and sweet. Libby suggests, intentionally or not, that public libraries, the actual buildings, are no longer necessary, that libraries have become — like everything and everyone else — place-less purveyors of content. But if during the past couple of years you replaced in-person library visits with an app, you may be missing out.
What many public libraries have done, despite Covid and because of it, is consciously enhance their physical presence on the street and in the neighborhood. Or, as Mrs. Houben, who argues that every library needs a garden, suggested, “A library should be so nice that you bring your own book, right?”
(Fonte: texto adaptado. By Karrie Jacobs. Published on April 21st, 2022. Disponível em: https://www.nytimes. com/2022/04/21/style/libraries-outdoor-public-space.html Acesso em: 1 nov. 2022)
Os vocábulos grifados no Texto referem-se a
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The asteroid impact that killed off the dinosaurs gave birth to our planet’s tropical rainforests, a study suggests. Researchers used fossil pollen and leaves from Colombia to investigate how the impact changed South American tropical forests. After the 12 km-wide space rock struck Earth 66 million years ago, the type of vegetation that made up these forests changed drastically.
The team has outlined its findings in the prestigious journal Science. Co-author Dr Mónica Carvalho, from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institution in Panama, said: “Our team examined over 50,000 fossil pollen records and more than 6,000 leaf fossils from before and after the impact.” They found that cone-bearing plants called conifers and ferns were common before the huge asteroid struck what is now the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico.
But after the devastating impact, plant diversity declined by roughly 45% and extinctions were widespread, particularly among seed-bearing plants. While the forests recovered over the next six million years, angiosperms, or flowering plants, came to dominate them.
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “While the forests recovered over the next six million years, angiosperms, or flowering plants, came to dominate them”, o termo sublinhado refere-se às
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When given the choice between a free meal and performing a task for a meal, cats would prefer the meal that doesn’t require much effort. While that might not come as a surprise to some cat lovers, it does to cat behaviorists. Most animals prefer to work for their food — a behavior called contrafreeloading.
A new study from researchers at the University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine showed most domestic cats choose not to contrafreeload. The study found that cats would rather eat from a tray of easily available food rather than work out a simple puzzle to get their food.
“There is an entire body of research that shows that most species including birds, rodents, wolves, primates — even giraffes — prefer to work for their food,” said lead author Mikel Delgado, a cat behaviorist and research affiliate at UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine.
In the study, Delgado, along with co-authors Melissa Bain and Brandon Han, provided 17 cats a food puzzle and a tray of food. The puzzle allowed the cats to easily see the food but required some manipulation to extract it. Some of the cats even had food puzzle experience.
“It wasn’t that cats never used the food puzzle, but cats ate more food from the tray, spent more time at the tray and made more first choices to approach and eat from the tray rather than the puzzle,” said Delgado.
(www.neurosciencenews.com, 14.08.2021. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the fourth paragraph “The puzzle allowed the cats to easily see the food but required some manipulation to extract it”, the underlined word refers to the
Choose the alternative that best completes the dialogue:
Mary: Hi, ____ am Mary Smith. ___ am from the USA. What’s your name?
Paul: _____ name is Paul Thompson.
Mary: Nice to meet you. _____ are you from?
Paul: Nice to meet you, too. _____ am from London. And who is ____ woman?
Mary: ____ is Jessica Lopez. ____ is from the USA too.
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Can Germans’ right to switch off survive contemporary times?
The lights were all out, the corridors were deserted. Only one computer was still working at the German Freiburg’s Institute for Advanced Studies. Newly-arrived American academic Kristen Ghodsee was working late in her office. Then there was a knock at the door, and in came the institute’s director. “He wanted to know if there was something wrong,” remembers Ghodsee. She replied she was fine, but the director looked at his watch and shook his head. It was 17:30. What seemed perfectly normal to the American, working after hours, was inconceivable to the German. After all, it was Feierabend, a German term which refers both to the end of the working day and the act of turning off from work entirely.
But then along came the smartphone, destabilizing the delicate German work-life balance. Suddenly, phones were in every pocket, laptops in every bag. All at once, everyone had access to work communication outside the office, on the go and at home. It wasn’t long before the digital revolution was invading Germans’ sacred rest time. By 2015, more than a quarter of employees said bosses wanted them to be contactable at all hours, a national survey revealed. This despite a 2003 law stating workers’ 11-hour break couldn’t be interrupted.
It seems many employees agree the idea of an uninterrupted break is too rigid. Last year, 96% of workers interviewed by Germany’s digital association Bitkom said they would like to organise their own work schedule to fit around their lives. But those responsible for employee protection are worried. “A lot of the shortening of rest periods is happening because people are working such long hours, not because they are working flexibly,” says research associate Nils Backhaus.
The 11-hour rest period is also there to protect workers from themselves. Originally intended to make sure factory workers could recover physically between shifts, Backhaus says the break is just as necessary for mental regeneration. “Worker protection is just as needed in our new world of digitalisation, home office and smartphones”, says David Markworth.
(Josie Le Blond. www.bbc.com, 24.02.2020. Adaptado.)
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “which refers both to the end of the working day and the act of turning off from work entirely”, os termos sublinhados estabelecem sentido de
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